DESKTOP POWER SUPPLY

THE POWERPACK – Power Supply to the System Unit

The power pack is the shiny metal box located at the rear of the system unit. It is a device that provides electrical power for every component inside the system unit. It converts commercial electrical power received from a 120 VAC, 60Hz or 220 VAC, 50Hz (outside the US) outlet into other levels required by the components of the system. Several bundles of cable emerge from the power supply to provide power to the components of the system unit and its peripherals. Typical desktop/ tower power supplies produce 4 or 5 different levels of efficiently regulated DC voltage. These are +3.3V, +5V, -5V, +12V, and -12V. The power supply unit also provides the system's ground. The +3.3V and +5V levels are used by the microprocessor. Other IC devices on the system board and adapter cards use the +5V level.
Now comes the cable analysis

1.       Power Supply Connector - 3.3V, 3.3V, COM, 5V, COM, 5V, COM, PW OK, 5 VSB, 12V, 3.3V, -12V, COM, PS ON, COM, COM, COM, -5V, 5V and 5V. Attached to the power supply connector pin is a 4-PIN ADD-ON with +3.3V, COM, +12V and +5V. So that makes it 24-PIN EXTENDED ATX. It is used to supply power to the mother board whether ATX or EXTENDED ATX

2.       Fan Power 4-PIN EPS CLIP-ON EXTENSION Connector PIN – COM, +12V, +12V and COM. This is an extension to the standard 20-PIN ATX power connector that converts it to meet the minimum requirements of the Entry-level Power Supply (EPS) specification.

3.       Optional 8-PIN EPS CONNECTOR PIN – GROUND, GROUND, +12VDC, +12VDC, GROUND, GROUND, +12VDC and +12VDC. This provides the full implementation of the EPS specification for those system boards that require this connector. The full EPS implementation delivers even more 12VDC power sources to the system board than standard ATX 20, 20+4 and 24-PIN connections.

4.       AUXILIARY (Disk Drive) POWER CONNECTOR – PIN 1 (+12VDC), PIN 2 (GROUND), PIN 3 (GROUND), PIN 4 (+5V). This is used for connecting hard drives, CD-ROM drives, tape drives to power supply

5.       6-PIN PCIe POWER CONNECTOR - +12VDC, +12VDC, +12VDC, GROUND, GOUND and GROUND. This is used to supply additional power to adapter cards mounted in the system board’s PCIe expansion slots. Some of these cards may require more current from the power supply than the system board can deliver through its expansion slots.

Advanced Auxiliary Power Connectors - More advanced power supplies offer additional power connection options such as the wide flat 5 and 15-PIN SATA connectors. They are used to supply power to the newer serial ATA-style disk drive units.

SATA Analysis

1.       15-PIN SATA POWER CONNECTOR - +3.3VDC, +3.3VDC, +3.3VDC, GROUND, GROUND, GROUND, +5VDC, +5VDC, +5VDC, GROUND, RESERVED, GROUND, +12VDC, +12VDC and +12VDC.

2.       5-PIN SATA POWER CONNECTOR - +3.3VDC, GROUND, +5VDC, GROUND and +12VDC

Now you know what the power supply is like, so when you try to connect the various components of the system unit together, you have to plug in the correct connector to its port.

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